OCTO Publications are authored by and represent the position of the ICANN Office of the Chief Technology Officer (OCTO). If you're looking for Commissioned Documents, click here. Number. Name. Date. OCTO-038. Methodology to Classify Unsolicited Email Threats. January 2024. OCTO-037.Independent Consumer Advocacy Network (ICAN) • ICANNYS.org. Free, confidential, independent help. ICAN helped get insurance to cover a motorized scooter. Learn how. Free, confidential, independent help. ICAN helped keep home care hours from being cut. Learn how. Talk to us about FIDA-IDD. Call (844) 614-8800.The NextGen@ICANN Program provides opportunities for university students to better understand how ICANN contributes to the technical governance of the Internet and the multistakeholder model. Through an immersive program, participants will learn about topics such as the Internet ecosystem, Internet governance, and policy development at ICANN.IANA is an acronym: Internet Assigned Numbers Authority. Internet pioneer Jon Postel led IANA until 1998, the year he died, out of the University of Southern California. Today IANA is a 10-person department within ICANN. So what does the IANA department do? The day-to-day job of the IANA staff includes: The IANA staff does this by receiving and ...29 September 2023: ICANN Sends Notice of Breach to Registrar (OpenTLD B.V. ( IANA #1666)) Escalated to Termination. 22 September 2023: ICANN Sends Notice of Breach to Registrar (GKG․NET, INC․. ( IANA #93)) Cure Period Extended Until 20 October 2023; Cure Period Extended Until 24 October 2023. The ICANN registration data lookup tool gives you the ability to look up the current registration data for domain names and Internet number resources. The tool uses the Registration Data Access Protocol (RDAP) which was created as a replacement of the WHOIS (port 43) protocol. RDAP was developed by the technical community in the Internet ... icann 重视各种观点，您的声音十分重要。 您可以使用阿拉伯文、中文、英文、法文、葡萄牙文、俄文和西班牙文在我们的各种社交媒体平台上与我们取得联系并展开对话。 Overview and Scope – ICANN Complaints Office. The Complaints Office is a function within the ICANN organization (org) that: Receives and investigates complaints, collects facts, and reviews, analyzes, and resolves issues as openly as possible. Helps ICANN org build on its effectiveness, and increase its transparency.Read ICANN Announcements to stay informed of the latest policymaking activities, regional events, and more. Subscribe. ICANN.org Home. Announcements. … We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. If you need help renewing your domain name, you should immediately contact the registrar (or reseller) that provided your domain name registration services for possible renewal options available to you. To determine your current registrar of record, you may conduct a WHOIS search by visiting whois.icann.org. Registrar information can be found ...the Content complies with the ICANN Expected Standards of Behavior and ICANN Community Anti-Harassment Policy and Terms of Participation and Compliant Procedure. Content Contributions and CancelationsA ICANN é um organismo privado de coordenação técnica sem fins lucrativos dos sistemas de denominação e numeração na Internet. O conteúdo de uma mensagem de correio electrónico, ficheiro num ftp ou página Web não tem relação intrínseca com o nome de domínio atribuído e, por conseguinte, recai fora do âmbito da definição de ...The ICANN History Project explores the key events in ICANN’s growth, from its birth to the present day. This project seeks to preserve the organization’s ins...The following policies apply to various types of disputes between registrants and third parties over the registration and use of domain names. Disputes under these policies may be filed with one of the approved dispute-resolution service providers for the given policy. The Uniform Domain-Name Dispute Resolution Policy (below) is …Moved Permanently. The document has moved here.中文. Through the Whois Search, you can obtain information regarding registered domains. Through this website, you can type in a domain name, like example.com, and learn more details about its registration. In some cases, you may see the domain holder's (registrant) actual name, street address and phone number, among other things; in other ...Guidelines on Releasing Country and Territory Names. Specification 5, Section 4 of the base New gTLD Registry Agreement provides two methods by which registry operators may release second-level country and territory names. Following approval under these two options, further consideration by ICANN is not required and registry operators are ...ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) is a non-profit organization that manages and coordinates important parts of the global Internet. It was founded in 1998 and oversees the Domain Name System (DNS). The main tasks of ICANN include registering domain names, providing IP addresses, and setting protocol parameters.About Change of. Registrant. To update the registrant information listed in the Whois database or transfer your domain name to a different registrant, please contact the registrar with which the domain is registered. For information about the domain name, including the registrar name, conduct a WHOIS search at https://whois.icann.org.ICANN for Beginners Fellowship Program NextGen@ICANN Program History. News and Media. Announcements Blog Media Resources Press Releases Global Newsletters ICANN News Subscriptions Regional Reports. Policy. Develop Policy Operational Design Phase (ODP) Implement Policy. Public Comment.Learn about the details of the registry agreements between ICANN and the operators of generic top-level domains (gTLDs). Find out how to access the current and historical versions of the agreements, as well as the related materials and policies.The ASO was established in 1999. As per the ICANN ASO Memorandum of Understanding ( MoU) between ICANN and the world's five Regional Internet Registries ( RIRs ). The Number Resource Organization ( NRO ), as the coordinating body for the RIRs, fulfils the role of the ASO. Its purpose is to review and develop recommendations on Internet ...ICANN Announcements. Advanced Search . Select filters and click Apply to narrow your search results or click More Search Options to search for keywords within Announcements. Start Date End Date Region(s) Africa Asia/Australia/Pacific Europe Latin America/Caribbean North America. Apply .The process of becoming an ICANN -accredited registrar includes several steps. The following summary of these steps is intended to guide you through this process. Review the Qualification Criteria described in the Statement of Registrar Accreditation Policy. Review the Financial Considerations that apply to become an ICANN -accredited registrar.1 March 2023. Today, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) is opening the application round for the ICANN Fellowship Program for the ICANN78 Annual General Meeting, which will take place in Hamburg, Germany from 21-26 October 2023. The application deadline is 31 March 2023, 23:59 UTC.Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (As Approved by ICANN on October 24, 1999) 1. Purpose. This Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (the "Policy") has been adopted by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ("ICANN"), is incorporated by reference into your Registration Agreement, and sets forth the terms and conditions in connection with a dispute between ...The GNSO is the main policy-making body of ICANN and comprises of four main groups: registries (companies running generic top-level domains (gTLDs) such as VeriSign for dot-com or Afilias for dot-info); registrars (companies that sell registrations of particular domains e.g. icann.org); commercial users of the Internet; and non-commercial users of the Internet.Pi Network – Đồng tiền số của tương lai. Pi Network là một dự án Blockchain được xây dựng một cách bài bản bởi Đại học Stanford – Mỹ, do Nhóm của Tiến sĩ Nicolas …You are being redirected.The expansion of generic Top-Level Domains (e.g. .COM, .ORG, .NET) in the Domain Name System is underway. Over 1,300 new names or "strings" could become available in the next few years. After completing the New gTLD Program, a new gTLD becomes part of the Internet when it is delegated. This means it is introduced into the Internet's ...Learn how to protect your trademarks in the new gTLDs program with ICANN's Trademark Clearinghouse service.Access ICANN's naming services portal to manage your domain names and Internet number resources. Learn more about ICANN's mission and resources.The ICANN organization worked with a discussion group of generic top-level domain (gTLD)registries and registrars to create a gTLD RDAP profile. The profile, which follows the requirements of the Temporary Specification for gTLD Registration Data , aims to provide technical instructions to gTLD registries and registrars on how to implement an ...ICANN reserves the right to modify these plans if the situation prior to the meeting or during the meeting deems it necessary to curb an outbreak or reduce the overall risk to delegates. As a reminder, adequate traveler and health insurance is the responsibility of the traveler, to ensure coverage of any costs incurred due to illness or injury ...29 September 2023: ICANN Sends Notice of Breach to Registrar (OpenTLD B.V. ( IANA #1666)) Escalated to Termination. 22 September 2023: ICANN Sends Notice of Breach to Registrar (GKG․NET, INC․. ( IANA #93)) Cure Period Extended Until 20 October 2023; Cure Period Extended Until 24 October 2023.ICANN ( the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers) charges a mandatory annual fee of $0.18 for each year of domain registration, renewal or transfer. For example, the fee for a one-year .com domain registration will be $0.18 while it is $0.36 for a two-year .com domain registration. This will be added to the listed price for some ...Label Generation Rules. Root Zone Label Generation Rules (RZ- LGR) provide a conservative mechanism to determine valid IDN TLDs and their variant labels, for stable and secure operation of the DNS Root Zone. To learn more about why IDNs are important to the community and a multilingual Internet, view our script community leader quote page here.Dec 30, 2016 · If you receive a suspicious email appearing to come from ICANN: Avoid clicking on links or opening attached files. Forward suspected scam messages immediately to [email protected] with "suspected phishing" in the subject line. If possible, include a copy of the suspicious message with headers (see links to guides below). What does ICANN do? Within this ecosystem, ICANN, a non-for-profit, public-benefit corporation formed in 1998, plays a limited, yet unique and critical role -- it coordinates the administration of the Internet’s logistical infrastructure layer that delivers ‘One Internet’ for the world through three sets of unique identifiers: Protocol ...Every web page visited, every email sent, every picture retrieved from a social media: all those interactions use the DNS to translate human-friendly domain names (such as icann.org) to the IP addresses (such as 192.0.43.7 and 2001:500:88:200::7) needed by servers, routers, and other network devices to route traffic across the Internet to the ...1901 L Street NW, Suite 300. Washington, DC 20036, USA. Phone: +1 202 570 7240. Fax: +1 202 789 0104. If you require assistance or have a question, please visit Global Support.At ICANN, Dennis is responsible for design and direction of programs to serve the stakeholders. Current programs include policy implementations for Registration Data (EPDP) IGO and INGO Identifiers Protection. Prior to ICANN, Dennis has served in executive leadership roles in Fortune 100 corporations and technology start-ups creating high-tech ...Description. Background The At-Large Operations, Finance and Budget Working Group (OFB-WG) is an At-Large Working Group within the Operations section of the At-Large Organization, tasked with preparing statements and requests related to ICANN finance and budget, strategy, and operational initiatives, including the At-Large Funding Requests.Beginning 27 March 2023, ICANN org has added new options for user communication preferences to the ICANN Account Profile. Please review these options and update your account profile. HELPThe ASO was established in 1999. As per the ICANN ASO Memorandum of Understanding ( MoU) between ICANN and the world's five Regional Internet Registries ( RIRs ). The Number Resource Organization ( NRO ), as the coordinating body for the RIRs, fulfils the role of the ASO. Its purpose is to review and develop recommendations on Internet ...Developing Policy at ICANN. A fundamental part of ICANN's Mission is to coordinate policy development related to the Internet's system of unique identifiers.. We employ open and transparent policy development mechanisms that promote well-informed decisions based on expert advice, and in collaboration with entities most affected by policy development.If you tried to restore your domain name during the 30-day period immediately following deletion of the domain name, but were unable to do so,your registrar may be in breach of the ICANN Expired Registration Recovery Policy (ERRP). Submit a Domain Renewal Complaint Form to ICANN.This status code indicates that a request to renew your domain has been received and is being processed. If you did not request to renew your domain and do not want to keep it (i.e., pay the renewal fee) anymore, you should contact your registrar immediately to discuss what options are available. pendingRestore.Agreement Date 1 December 2012. On 27 March 2020, ICANN and VeriSign, Inc. agreed to amend the .com Registry Agreement to include (i) updates to seven of the original appendices, and (ii) the addition of Appendix 11. The Registry Agreement, Amendment No. 3, the existing appendices, the updated appendices, and the new appendix may be …ICANN79 Schedule Now Available. 12 February 2024. The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) is hosting the ICANN79 Community Forum, 2-7 March 2024 in San Juan, Puerto Rico. The schedule for the hybrid event, which will accommodate both in-person and virtual participation, is now available on the ICANN79 Community Forum ...General Information. All registrars must follow the Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy (often referred to as the " UDRP "). Under the policy, most types of trademark-based domain-name disputes must be resolved by agreement, court action, or arbitration before a registrar will cancel, suspend, or transfer a domain name.Zimbabwe. AF. .zw. F = Africa. AP = Asia/Australia/Pacific. EUR = Europe. LAC = Latin America/ Caribbean. NA = North America. ICANN is broken up into four geographic regions, and this page shows a list of all the regions for ICANN Public Meetings.ICANN79 Community Forum Location Announced. 26 September 2022. Today, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) announced that San Juan, Puerto Rico has been selected as the location for the first ICANN Public Meeting of 2024. The ICANN79 Community Forum will be held from 2-7 March 2024 at the Puerto Rico Convention Center.ICANN, nonprofit private organization incorporated in California on September 18, 1998, and tasked with taking over from the U.S. government various administrative duties associated with running the Internet. ICANN’s functions include overseeing the top-level domains (TLDs; e.g., .com, .net, .org,Pусский. 中文. Complaints under the Uniform Dispute Resolution Policy may be submitted to any approved dispute-resolution service provider listed below. Each provider follows the Rules for Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy as well as its own supplemental rules. To go to the web site of a provider, click on its name below:The ICANN Grant Program is an exciting opportunity for eligible organizations across the globe to apply for funding for projects that are consistent with ICANN 's mission and aligned with the objectives of the ICANN Grant Program. This program will make a difference in the Internet ecosystem, while also positively impacting people all over the ...ICANN's Whois verification process. According to the regulations introduced by Internet Corporation of Assigned Names & Numbers (ICANN) starting from January 1, 2014, we are sending Whois verification emails.Whois verification will only be needed for the Registrant contact information for generic TLDs (gTLDs) in the following cases:ICANN grew out of a 1998 commitment from the U.S. Government to transfer the management of the domain name system to a new non-profit corporation based in the U.S. with global participation. This track, however, begins long before ICANN was established and continues to the present day. Check out the timeline , interviews, and resources to learn ... A domain name registrant is an individual or entity who registers a domain name. Upon registration of a domain name, a registrant enters into a contract with a registrar. The contract describes the terms under which the registrar agrees to register and maintain the requested name. After registration, registrants manage their domain name ... The goals are to coordinate, develop and sustain ICANN's engagement with the global technical community in line with ICANN's Strategic Plan, and to ensure ICANN constituencies are continuously exposed and aware of relevant activities happening within the extended technical community. Much of the team's work with OCTO is focused on optimizing ...ICANN has a dedicated Government and Intergovernmental Organization Engagement (GE) team responsible for the development and implementation of a global strategy to engage with governments and Intergovernmental Organizations (IGOs). ICANN seeks to ensure that all decision-makers understand how the Internet's technical foundation works.In this first cycle of the ICANN Grant Program up to $10 million in grants will be distributed for projects that are consistent with ICANN's mission and aligned with the objectives of the ICANN Grant Program. Applications can be submitted up until 20:00 UTC on 24 May 2024. WSIS+20 Outreach Network. The WSIS+20 webpage and Outreach …中文. Through the Whois Search, you can obtain information regarding registered domains. Through this website, you can type in a domain name, like example.com, and learn more details about its registration. In some cases, you may see the domain holder's (registrant) actual name, street address and phone number, among other things; in other ...ICANNThe group has launched a $200 million grant program to grow the entity for challenging times ahead. The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) was established in 1998 by the U.S. Department of Commerce. Its mission has been to ensure the stable and secure operation of the Internet's unique identifier systems, including the ...Đối với Domain và Host, Nhơn Mỹ đã lựa chọn đăng ký tại ICANN (dịch vụ đăng ký Domain, Hosting quốc tế) và VNNic (dịch vụ đăng ký Domain, Hosting quốc gia) là nhà …In March 2023, the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers organization (ICANN org) began receiving complaints alleging that the registrar Epik Inc. (Epik) is not processing domain name renewals in a timely manner despite having collected payment. The complaints also alleged that Epik's customer support is not providing timely or ...The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) is a standards organization that oversees global IP address allocation, autonomous system number allocation, root zone management in the Domain Name System (DNS), media types, and other Internet Protocol–related symbols and Internet numbers.. Currently it is a function of ICANN, a …Part III - Having Issues Transferring Your Domain Name? One of the primary purposes of ICANN's Transfer Policy is to provide you with the option to freely move your domain name from one registrar to another. In our last blog, we explained how to do this.If you still have problems making a transfer, here is some information on why you might be encountering issues and some additional ...Base Registry Agreement - Approved 21 January 2024. Note: This version of the agreement was approved by the ICANN Board on 21 January 2024. The 2024 global amendment to the existing registry agreements is effective 5 April 2024. Note: The English language version of this Agreement (and all referenced specifications) is the official and ...2013 Registrar Accreditation Agreement (RAA) – Approved 21 January 2024 (For Registrar Accreditation Agreements entered into after 21 January 2024) Note: This version of the agreement was approved by the ICANN Board on 21 January 2024. The 2024 global amendment to existing registrar accreditation agreements is effective 5 April …ICANN expects to begin accepting grant applications on 25 March 2024, with the application window remaining open until 24 May 2024. Click the title to learn more. Blog: …中文. The History of the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) (English) The second track of the ICANN History Project focuses on the early days of ICANN, charting the evolution of ICANN's early technical, business, and structural changes. This track examines the pre-ICANN landscape, the steps leading up to ICANN's ...Today, ICANN is launching an updated version of its lookup tool that makes use of the Registration Data Access Protocol, known as RDAP, to query, parse, and display registration data in a human-friendly format. The lookup tool – which gives users the ability to look up publicly available contact and other information related to a domain name – …ICANN headquarters in the Playa Vista neighborhood of Los Angeles. The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers ( ICANN / ˈaɪkæn / EYE-kan) is a global multistakeholder group and nonprofit organization head-quartered in the United States responsible for coordinating the maintenance and procedures of several databases related to ...ICANN 's Domain Name System ( DNS) Security Threat Mitigation Program gives the ICANN organization (org) a collaborative platform to improve the visibility and clarity of the org's various DNS security threats-related initiatives. This platform also allows ICANN to formulate and execute a centralized strategy.This page is available only with JavaScript enabled. ITI Web ICANN. This page is available only with JavaScript enabledThe ICANN organization worked with a discussion group of generic top-level domain (gTLD)registries and registrars to create a gTLD RDAP profile. The profile, which follows the requirements of the Temporary Specification for gTLD Registration Data , aims to provide technical instructions to gTLD registries and registrars on how to implement an ...List of Top-Level Domains. A list of all valid top-level domains is maintained by the IANA and is updated from time to time. To view the list, click here.ICANN for Beginners Fellowship Program NextGen@ICANN Program History. News and Media. Announcements Blog Media Resources Press Releases Global Newsletters ICANN News Subscriptions Regional Reports. Policy. Develop Policy Operational Design Phase (ODP) Implement Policy. Public Comment.Label Generation Rules. Root Zone Label Generation Rules (RZ- LGR) provide a conservative mechanism to determine valid IDN TLDs and their variant labels, for stable and secure operation of the DNS Root Zone. To learn more about why IDNs are important to the community and a multilingual Internet, view our script community leader quote page here.ICANNICANN's leadership is committed to the concept of improving the contractual obligations to mitigate DNS abuse. I want to reiterate this commitment to the initiative as a priority and the framework that was agreed to in late 2022. Negotiations are now underway to make focused improvements to the existing contracts. Together, ICANN org and ...In an effort to track and monitor ongoing and completed work at ICANN as it relates to domain name registration data, we have created this page to inform discussions and to provide visibility into related work by the community and ICANN org. This page is provided as per the Board-approved Action Plan for the WHOIS Policy Review Team Final ...ICANN's vision is to be a champion of the single, open, and globally interoperable Internet, by being the independent, trusted, multistakeholder steward of the Internet's unique identifiers, and by providing an open and collaborative environment where diverse stakeholders come together in the global public interest.ICANN, nonprofit private organization incorporated in California on September 18, 1998, and tasked with taking over from the U.S. government various …A ICANN foi constituída em 1998. É uma parceria, sem fins lucrativos, de pessoas localizadas em diferentes partes do mundo, dedicadas a manter a Internet segura, estável e interoperacional. Promove a concorrência e desenvolve uma política aplicável à utilização de identificadores únicos na Internet.
ICANN steht für Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. Die ICANN ist für die Verwaltung und Koordinierung des Domain Name System ( DNS) verantwortlich, um sicherzustellen, dass jede Adresse eindeutig ist und alle Benutzer des Internets alle gültigen Adressen finden können. Zu diesem Zweck wird die Vergabe eindeutiger IP .... Www.myprepaidcenter.com activation required
The ICANN Bylaws include the core value to foster "competition in the registration of domain names where practicable and beneficial to the public interest as identified through the bottom-up, multistakeholder policy development process.". In 2000, ICANN launched the first round of applications for new generic top-level domains. It included the delegation of .aero, .biz, .coop, .info, .museum ...ICANN for Beginners Fellowship Program NextGen@ICANN Program History. News and Media. Announcements Blog Media Resources Press Releases Global Newsletters ICANN News Subscriptions Regional Reports. Policy. Develop Policy Operational Design Phase (ODP) Implement Policy. Public Comment.The Root Server System Advisory Committee (RSSAC) is responsible for advising the ICANN community and Board on matters relating to the operation, administration, security, and integrity of the Internet's Root Server System. Members are nominated by current RSSAC members and approved by ICANN’s Board of Directors.The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) today announced a Board decision to allocate an initial sum of US$1 million to be used to provide financial assistance to support access to Internet infrastructure in emergency situations. "Over the past 10 days, we have watched events unfold in Ukraine and the surrounding region that are tragic and profoundly troubling," said ...ICANN reserves the right to modify these plans if the situation prior to the meeting or during the meeting deems it necessary to curb an outbreak or reduce the overall risk to delegates. As a reminder, adequate traveler and health insurance is the responsibility of the traveler, to ensure coverage of any costs incurred due to illness or injury ...The Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) is a non-profit corporation overseeing global Internet unique identifiers. It coordinates allocation of critical resources like domain names and IP addresses. Formerly overseen by the US Department of Commerce, ICANN now manages these functions through its affiliate Public Technical Identifiers post-transition in 2016.ICANN -accredited registrars have agreements with ICANN and registry operators to offer domain name registration services. Many registrars also offer other services such as web-hosting, privacy/proxy services for masking public registration data, website building services, etc. There are over 2,400 ICANN -accredited registrars throughout the ...中文. The Domain Name System ( DNS) helps users navigate the Internet. Every device on the Internet has a unique address called an Internet Protocol ( IP) address. IP addresses can be hard to remember. The DNS makes using the Internet easier by allowing a text-based domain name to be used instead of the IP address.The Registration Data Request Service (RDRS) is a free and global proof-of-concept service that handles requests for access to nonpublic registration data related to generic top-level domains ( gTLD )s. It connects requestors seeking disclosure of nonpublic registration data for gTLDs domain names with the relevant ICANN -accredited registrars ...This site uses cookies to deliver an efficient user experience and to help us see how the site is used. Learn more. OKICANN refers to the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. Lock means a set of measures that a registrar applies to a domain name, which prevents at a minimum any modification to the registrant and registrar information by the Respondent, but does not affect the resolution of the domain name or the renewal of the domain name.Moved Permanently. The document has moved here.We review and develop recommendations on Internet Protocol (IP) address policy and advise the ICANN Board on policy issues relating to the operation, assignment, and management of IP addresses. Learn More. ASO AC Meetings . The Address Supporting Organization Address Council (ASO AC) holds monthly teleconferences, which are open to observers.Co-hosted by ICANN and TWNIC, this event aims to establish a discussion platform with a diversity of viewpoints from both Asia Pacific region and Taiwanese community to further explore and discuss policies and technologies related to the Internet. The 41st TWNIC IP Open Policy Meeting (OPM) is as a parallel meeting with the ICANN APAC-TWNIC ...It is a not-for-profit partnership of people from all over the world dedicated to keeping the Internet secure, stable and interoperable. It promotes competition and …Many At-Large working groups are dedicated to ICANN policy discussions and advice development activities.Many others tackle various aspects of organization building, such as advancing accessiblity and inclusion at ICANN, testing communication and collaboration tools, planning outreach and engagement projects, developing capacity building programs for newcomers, and fulfilling operational needs ....